Why the bush library won't make history

Will history judge George W. Bush more kindly than his contemporaries have? The man himself seems fairly indifferent. "I don't think he really cares much at all, to be honest with

you," says Kevin Sullivan, who served as White House communications director during Bush's second term. "I think he cares very little about where his approval rating stands

today, compared to 2005 or 2008." His supporters care. With the opening of his presidential library and museum Thursday in Dallas, they have been making the case that he will be like a

latter-day Harry S. Truman — derided as he left office, but seen as a success later on. "The perspective of history will treat Bush better than Bush is being treated now," says

former GOP Rep. Dennis Hastert of Illinois, who served as House speaker for much of Bush's tenure. Many historians are skeptical, saying they doubt that Bush's accomplishments will

be held in higher regard in years to come than they do now. Given the 43 rd president's record on transparency, meanwhile, they say the opening of Bush's library won't do the

single most important thing that might revive his reputation — give them any kind of early look at the still-classified documents it holds. "The only way history is going to change its

judgment of him is if the information is available," says Emily Sheketoff, who directs the Washington office of the American Library Association. "If he wants to rehabilitate his

reputation, he's going to need to be a lot more open and expansive on why he did certain things." LONG ROAD TO JUDGMENT Bush's new $250 million library, on the campus of

Southern Methodist University, will be the staging ground for efforts at burnishing his legacy, including a policy center that will explore and promote his ideas. "The Bush library is

the first stage in what will be a multistage operation," says Jeremi Suri, a University of Texas historian. Former President Bill Clinton joked at Thursday's dedication ceremony

that the Bush library "was the latest, grandest example of the eternal struggle of former presidents to rewrite history." Unlike some other former presidents, Bush himself

hasn't tried much to "work the refs" — appealing to historians and the public by making a case for himself through multiple books (like Richard Nixon) or good works (like

Clinton and Jimmy Carter). When asked in 2004 by the journalist Bob Woodward how history would judge the war in Iraq, Bush said, "History. We don't know. We'll all be

dead." That's not because Bush has no respect for history, says Sullivan, his former communications aide. He had a sense of himself as part of the "sweep of history" in

holding his office, and he loved telling visitors about which presidents had used his desk, the Resolute, which was fashioned from the timbers of a wrecked ship in 1880. "He would look

at the George Washington portrait in the office," Sullivan recalls. "He'd say, 'They're still writing books about the first GW, and I'll be long gone before

history gives its final take on his time.' " A FULLER PORTRAIT In other words, Bush is content to allow history to make its own judgments. But that can only happen, historians say,

when they can get a look at his administration's documents. "If I were sitting there advising the president — which ain't going to happen — I'd say your best bet is to

get as much available as soon as possible in every conceivable way," says Lewis Gould, author of a history of the Republican Party. "Bush would be best served by opening as much as

he can, as soon as he can." Historians tend to grow more sympathetic if they can see the reasoning behind a policy, Gould says. He notes that Lyndon Johnson became an object of

fascination for historians as his papers became available. Even Warren G. Harding enjoyed a brief "bump upward" in the 1960s when his archives were opened. "The way you get

ahead in the history business is being able to say, 'I'm the first to find X, and I have new material,' " Gould says. "That's what revision is about. It's

not about bringing somebody up or tearing somebody down." Most historians seek to be fair in their judgments of the past, but some liberal historians have been criticized for rushing to

judgment on Bush, whom they largely deemed a failure even before he left office. _The Onion_ recently ran an article headlined, "History Licking Its Chops to Judge George W.

Bush." But new information can change minds. Princeton University historian Sean Wilentz, who wrote a widely noted article in 2006 asking whether Bush was the worst president in U.S.

history, says he might shade it a little differently now. He was more impressed with Bush's later performance, including the bank bailout known as TARP. "I don't think this

administration is going to be judged terribly well, but it's true that the last two years were different," Wilentz says. DOCUMENTS MAKE THE CASE If new information can affect

judgment, what historians and other researchers need to see at this point is the paper trail the Bush presidency left behind. Despite all the fanfare of the library's opening, they

don't expect to get their hands on the documents anytime soon. Under the terms of a post-Watergate law, most records are supposed to be open to the public a dozen years after a

president leaves office. The reality is, things rarely move that swiftly. Nate Jones, who coordinates Freedom of Information Act requests at George Washington University's National

Security Archive, notes that his group has been trying since 2004 to get access to a document in President George H.W. Bush's library regarding a confrontation that occurred back in

1983. "For historians who want to come through the files, there's not going to be anything available for quite some time," Jones says. "Very little is available at the

Clinton library, or even at Reagan's." If Bush wanted, he could push to have many of his records released early, as Lyndon Johnson did. But there's nothing in his performance

as president that suggests he favors such openness. John Ashcroft, Bush's first attorney general, encouraged federal agencies to resist Freedom of Information Act requests. Vice

President Dick Cheney created one of the administration's earliest controversies by refusing to release information about his meetings with energy company executives — a fight that went

all the way to the Supreme Court. During his first year in office, Bush signed an executive order allowing former presidents and their heirs to keep records sealed for an indefinite period

of time, for any reason. President Obama revoked that order on his first full day in office. If Bush wants history to revise its early judgment, he'd better be willing to release

documents, Gould suggests, "and let it hang out there with the bark off, as John Nance Garner said." "He's got about a five- to 10-year window to hope for a

reappraisal," Gould says. "If you don't let anything out, the negative interpretation will become fixed, and then there's no amount of documentary release that's

going to make any difference." Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.