Leveraging diet to engineer the gut microbiome

ABSTRACT Autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis, have distinct clinical presentations but share underlying patterns of gut

microbiome perturbation and intestinal barrier dysfunction. Their potentially common microbial drivers advocate for treatment strategies aimed at restoring appropriate microbiome function,

but individual variation in host factors makes a uniform approach unlikely. In this Perspective, we consolidate knowledge on diet–microbiome interactions in local inflammation, gut

microbiota imbalance and host immune dysregulation. By understanding and incorporating the effects of individual dietary components on microbial metabolic output and host physiology, we

examine the potential for diet-based therapies for autoimmune disease prevention and treatment. We also discuss tools targeting the gut microbiome, such as faecal microbiota transplantation,

probiotics and orthogonal niche engineering, which could be optimized using custom dietary interventions. These approaches highlight paths towards leveraging diet for precise engineering of

the gut microbiome at a time of increasing autoimmune disease. Access through your institution Buy or subscribe This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution ACCESS

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FAQs * Contact customer support SIMILAR CONTENT BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS THE IMPACT OF THE GUT MICROBIOME ON EXTRA-INTESTINAL AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES Article 09 May 2022 ENGINEERING THE GUT

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Download references ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was supported by the following grants in the laboratory of M.S.D.: Luxembourg National Research Fund (FNR) CORE grants (C15/BM/10318186 and

C18/BM/12585940) to M.S.D.; M.B. was supported by a European Commission Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions individual fellowship (897408); M.W. was supported by a Fulbright grant

for Visiting Scholars from the Commission for Educational Exchange between the United States of America, Belgium and Luxembourg; E.T.G. was supported by the Luxembourg National Research Fund

PRIDE (17/11823097) and the Fondation du Pélican de Mie et Pierre Hippert-Faber, under the aegis of the Fondation de Luxembourg. G.V.P. was supported by a fellowship from the W. Garfield

Weston Foundation and E.C.M. acknowledges the financial support from National Institutes of Health (DK118024). AUTHOR INFORMATION Author notes * These authors contributed equally: Mathis

Wolter, Erica T. Grant. AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg Mathis Wolter, Erica T. Grant, Marie

Boudaud, Alex Steimle & Mahesh S. Desai * Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg Mathis Wolter & Erica T. Grant *

University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Gabriel V. Pereira & Eric C. Martens * Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center,

Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark Mahesh S. Desai Authors * Mathis Wolter View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed 

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Correspondence to Mahesh S. Desai. ETHICS DECLARATIONS COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing interests. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION PEER REVIEW INFORMATION _Nature Reviews

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permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Wolter, M., Grant, E.T., Boudaud, M. _et al._ Leveraging diet to engineer the gut microbiome. _Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol_ 18, 885–902

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