The Consortium on Vulnerability to Externalizing Disorders and Addictions (c-VEDA): an accelerated longitudinal cohort of children and adolescents in India

The global burden of disease attributable to externalizing disorders such as alcohol misuse calls urgently for effective prevention and intervention. As our current knowledge is mainly

derived from high-income countries such in Europe and North-America, it is difficult to address the wider socio-cultural, psychosocial context, and genetic factors in which risk and

resilience are embedded in low- and medium-income countries. c-VEDA was established as the first and largest India-based multi-site cohort investigating the vulnerabilities for the

development of externalizing disorders, addictions, and other mental health problems. Using a harmonised data collection plan coordinated with multiple cohorts in China, USA, and Europe,

baseline data were collected from seven study sites between November 2016 and May 2019. Nine thousand and ten participants between the ages of 6 and 23 were assessed during this time,

amongst which 1278 participants underwent more intensive assessments including MRI scans. Both waves of follow-ups have started according to the accelerated cohort structure with planned

missingness design. Here, we present descriptive statistics on several key domains of assessments, and the full baseline dataset will be made accessible for researchers outside the

consortium in September 2019. More details can be found on our website [cveda.org].

c-VEDA is jointly funded by the Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR/MRC/3/M/2015-NCD-I) and the Newton Grant from the Medical Research Council (MR/N000390/1), United Kingdom.

Vivek Benegal29, Gunter Schumann30, Pratima Murthy31, Bharath Holla31, Eesha Sharma32, Meera Purushottam33, Rose Dawn Bharath34, Sanjeev Jain31, Mathew Varghese31, Thennarasu Kandavel35,

Deepak Jayarajan31, Keshav Kumar36, Preeti Jacob32, Amit Chakrabarti37, Rajkumar Lenin Singh38, Roshan Lourembam Singh38, Debasish Basu39, Subodh Bhagyalakshmi Nanjayya39, Chirag Kumar

Ahuja40, Kartik Kalyanram41, Kamakshi Kartik41, Kumaran Kalyanram42, Krishnaveni Ghattu42, Murali Krishna43, Rebecca Kuriyan44, Sunita Simon Kurpad45, Sylvane Desrivieres30, Gareth Barker46,

Udita Iyengar30, Yuning Zhang30, Nilakshi Vaidya30, Matthew Hickman47, Jon Heron48, Gwen Fernandes49, Mireille Toledano50, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos51, Madhavi Rangaswamy52, Gitanjali

Narayanan53, Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta31, Paul Elliott50, Satish Chandra Girimaji32, Madhu Khullar54, Niranjan Khandelwal55, Nainesh Joshi54, Amit55, Debangana Bhattacharya56, Bidisha Haque56,

Arpita Ghosh56, Alisha Nagraj56, Anirban Basu56, Mriganka Mouli Pandit56, Subhadip Das56, Anupa Yadav56, Surajit Das56, Sanjit Roy56, Pawan Kumar Maurya56, Ningthoujam Debala Chanu38,

Fujica M C38, Victoria Ph.38, Celina Phurailatpam38, Amritha Gourisankar41, Geetha Rani41, Sujatha B41, Caroline Fall57, Kiran K N42, Ramya M C42, Chaithra Urs42, Santhosh N42, Somashekhara

R42, Divyashree K42, Arathi Rao44, Poornima R44, Saswathika Tripathy29, Neha Parashar29, Dhanalakshmi D29, Nayana K B29, Ashwini Kalkunte Seshadri29, Sathish Kumar29, Thamodaran Arumugam29,

Apoorva Safai29, Suneela Kuman Baligar29, Anthony Mary Cyril29, Aanchal Sharda29, Rashmitha29, Ashika Anne Roy29, Shivamma D29, Kiran L29, Bhavana B R29

These authors contributed equally: Yuning Zhang, Nilakshi Vaidya, Vivek Benegal, Gunter Schumann

The c-VEDA consortium (www.cveda.org) authors and affiliations are listed in the Supplementary Materials

Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s

College London, London, UK

Yuning Zhang, Nilakshi Vaidya, Udita Iyengar, Sylvane Desrivieres & Gunter Schumann

Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK

Centre for Addiction Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India

Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India

Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India

Bharath Holla, Sanjeev Jain, Deepak Jayarajan, Pratima Murthy & Mathew Varghese

Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India

Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry & Neuroscience, London, King’s College, London, UK

Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India

Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India

MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK

Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

Centre for Public Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

Foundation for Research and Advocacy in Mental Health, Mysuru, India

Epidemiology Research Unit, CSI Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysuru, India

Department of Mental Health and Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India

MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK

Division of Nutrition, St John’s Research Institute, Bengaluru, India

Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India

Department of Psychology, CHRIST (deemed to be university), Bengaluru, India

Department of Psychiatry & Department of Medical Ethics, St. John’s Medical College & Hospital, Bengaluru, India

Department of Psychiatry, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India

Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India

Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), LIN-Charite Research Group Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charite, CCM, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany

Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China

Centre for Addiction Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

Vivek Benegal, Saswathika Tripathy, Neha Parashar, Dhanalakshmi D, Nayana K B, Ashwini Kalkunte Seshadri, Sathish Kumar, Thamodaran Arumugam, Apoorva Safai, Suneela Kuman Baligar, Anthony

Mary Cyril, Aanchal Sharda,  Rashmitha, Ashika Anne Roy, Shivamma D, Kiran L & Bhavana B R

Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, MRC Social, Genetic, Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry & Neuroscience, King’s College London,

London, UK

Gunter Schumann, Sylvane Desrivieres, Udita Iyengar, Yuning Zhang & Nilakshi Vaidya

Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

Pratima Murthy, Bharath Holla, Sanjeev Jain, Mathew Varghese, Deepak Jayarajan & Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta

Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

Department of Mental Health and Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India

Rajkumar Lenin Singh, Roshan Lourembam Singh, Ningthoujam Debala Chanu, Fujica M C, Victoria Ph. & Celina Phurailatpam

Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India

Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India

Rishi Valley, Rural Health Centre, Madanapalle, Andhra Pradesh, India

Kartik Kalyanram, Kamakshi Kartik, Amritha Gourisankar, Geetha Rani & Sujatha B

Epidemiology Research Unit, CSI Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysore, India

Kumaran Kalyanram, Krishnaveni Ghattu, Kiran K N, Ramya M C, Chaithra Urs, Santhosh N, Somashekhara R & Divyashree K

Foundation for Research and Advocacy in Mental Health, Mysore, India

Division of Nutrition, St John’s Research Institute, Bangalore, India

Department of Psychiatry & Department of Medical Ethics, St. John’s Medical College & Hospital, Bangalore, India

Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK

Centre for Public Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK

Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, India

Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India

Department of Experimental Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India

Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India

ICMR-Regional Occupational Health Centre, Eastern, Kolkata, India

Debangana Bhattacharya, Bidisha Haque, Arpita Ghosh, Alisha Nagraj, Anirban Basu, Mriganka Mouli Pandit, Subhadip Das, Anupa Yadav, Surajit Das, Sanjit Roy & Pawan Kumar Maurya

MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southamtpon, Southamtpon, UK

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